5 Reasons Why Corvina Fish Can Be Heard Spawning Out of the Water

Kelolalaut.com Corvina fish are known for their loud spawning calls, which can sometimes be heard above the surface of the water. These fish, particularly the Gulf corvina produce one of the loudest underwater biological sounds recorded. But why can their spawning noises be heard out of the water? Here are five key reasons:

1. Extreme Volume of Their Calls

Corvina fish produce sounds through a process called sonification, in which they rapidly contract specialized muscles against their swim bladders. The resulting noise is a deep, rhythmic drumming that can reach up to 192 decibels underwater. Since sound travels well through both water and air, their intense calls can sometimes break the surface and become audible to people standing nearby.

2. Mass Spawning Events Amplify the Sound

Corvina fish spawn in massive aggregations, sometimes numbering in the millions. During these events, thousands of males call simultaneously to attract females. The collective sound is so loud that it creates a powerful resonance, similar to a roaring crowd at a stadium. The intensity of this noise increases the likelihood that it will be detectable above the water's surface.

3. Shallow Water Enhances Sound Transmission

Many corvina species, including the Gulf corvina, spawn in shallow coastal waters or estuaries. Sound waves behave differently in shallow water compared to deep water, as they are more likely to reflect off the bottom and the surface. This reflection can help push sound energy above the waterline, making it more audible to observers.

4. Natural Amplification by Water and Atmosphere

Water is an excellent conductor of sound, transmitting it much more efficiently than air. When the corvina’s calls are strong enough, they can travel into the atmosphere through a process called impedance matching. In certain conditions, such as calm weather with minimal wind, the surface of the water acts as a reflector, bouncing sound waves upwards and making them audible from boats, docks, or shorelines.

5. Unique Acoustic Properties of Corvina Calls

Corvina vocalizations occur at low frequencies, which travel farther than high-frequency sounds. These low-frequency pulses can penetrate the water’s surface more easily than higher-pitched noises. Additionally, human ears are particularly sensitive to low-frequency sounds, meaning that we are naturally more likely to detect them when they escape the water.

The ability to hear corvina fish spawning from above the water is a fascinating result of their incredible vocal strength, large spawning aggregations, shallow-water habitats, natural sound amplification, and unique low-frequency calls. This biological phenomenon is not only remarkable but also crucial for scientists and conservationists who monitor corvina populations. Understanding their loud spawning behaviour helps researchers track fish numbers, ensuring sustainable fishing practices to protect these noisy but vital species.

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